Feminist Literary Criticism in Indian Camp By Ernest...

Feminist Literary Criticism in Indian Camp By Ernest Hemingway In the short story â€Å"Indian Camp†, by Ernest Hemingway, many controversies arise about the idea of feminism in the text. Feminism is a general term used to describe advocating women’s rights socially, politically, and making equal rights to those of men. Feminist criticism is looked through a â€Å"lens† along the line of gender roles in literature, the value of female characters within the text, and interpreting the perspective from which the text is written. Many of Hemingway’s female characters display anti-feminist attributes due to the role that women play or how they are referred to within a text by him or other characters. There are many assumptions that go along with the†¦show more content†¦Roles depicted in the story of â€Å"Indian Camp† are mostly dominated by men. â€Å"His female characters are typically shallow, and at best, are merely passive receptors of th e dominant men that surround them† (Wray). The roles of the men are active compared to the women, whose roles are generally passive. Nick’s father, the doctor, has to perform a cesarean section on the Indian woman. This creates the idea that the woman cannot handle having the baby on her own and suggests that a man is needed to complete the job that is typically performed by a woman in the Native American culture. He takes away the natural process of a woman producing a baby, which is the one valuable thing that a female is able to do that a man cannot. The word â€Å"Cesarean† itself suggests power or control as a result of its root â€Å"Caesar† (Anderson). The Indian woman that assists the doctor is just used to retrieve water as the doctor requests and then just stands there. She has no part of taking action in the situation besides what the doctor tells her to do. The other women present are only mentioned once to show that they are just there. Thre e Indian men and Nick’s Uncle, George, holds the Indian woman down as if she cannot allow herself to let the doctor perform his operation and gives the men power or strength over the woman. The woman’s husband commits suicide by cutting his own throat. â€Å"The Indian lay with his face towardShow MoreRelated The Forgotten Female in the Works of Ernest Hemingway Essay3143 Words   |  13 PagesThe Forgotten Female in the Works of Hemingway      Ã‚  Ã‚   Ernest Hemingway has often been accused of misogyny in his treatment of female characters (and, perhaps, in his treatment of women in his own life). It is not fashionable these days to praise the work of Ernest Hemingway, says Frederick Busch. His women too often seem to be projections of male needfulness (1). Many of his stories are seen as prototypical bildungsroman stories--stories, usually, of young men coming of age. There

Science vs. Nature as a Means of Obtaining Perfection in...

Although we may mask our insecurities with false confidence and bravado, deep down most people crave perfection. As the majority of us learn as we age, this idea of â€Å"perfection† is unobtainable. The older we get, the more we tend to accept the flaws and imperfections that make us individuals. However, there are others who never learn the hard lesson of acceptance. Instead they spend ridiculous amounts of money on surgeries, creams and concoctions in order to rid themselves of these marks and insecurities. It’s a constant battle, a fork in the road if you may, between science and nature. On one side there’s the high-road of nature and acceptance, and on the other there’s the scientific shortcut that, in reality, just continues to mask the original problem. The Birthmark leads us to believe that this is perhaps a topic Hawthorne struggled with himself. Hawthorne clearly displays his decided distaste for science and its unnatural ways in his short story, The Birthmark. Aylmer, the main character of the story, is a brilliant scientist/alchemist. He possesses a belief in mans ultimate control over nature, and thinks there is nothing man cant overcome (Harun). His obsession with his wife Georgiana’s small birth mark, which resembles a hand, begins after they’re married. Aylmer is fixated with the idea of Georgianas perfection; he believes that in order for him to experience perfect love, he must have a perfect woman to love (Norman). His obsession and distaste gradually wear

Leadership Skills for Transformational - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theLeadership Skills for Transformational andCharismatic. Answer: My experience: While I was placed in an organization in my internship years, I was given the position of a leader of eight member team. Previously I had never demonstrated any leadership skills and therefore I was quite concerned about my leadership skills. While working in the team, I decided on a strategy in order to complete a task. When I conveyed the strategy of time management, two of the members suggested that the strategy would not bring out positive effect as this would require more time. However, I became quite disappointed and stated that since I am the leader they are bound to follow my decisions. Though they expressed dissatisfaction initially, they acted as per my guidance eventually. Moreover, I also noticed that I was not being able to socialize with them and only communicated with them when I needed to talk about work. This was making the working environment very strenuous and was creating pressure as I was not supporting an informal environment to be developed in workplace. There was no question of showing empathy towards the team members as they could not be trusted with the work. I had little confidence that they would work successfully towards fulfillment of the goal. The productivity of the team members was very poor under my leadership and they felt highly stressed. Leadership skill that I will follow: The leadership theory which I select is my transformational leadership. Transformational leadership is a form of leadership where the leaders inspire their team members in every possible way so that they are able to fulfill the companys goals and missions. This style mainly shows a model of integrity and fairness along with having a set of goals (Avolio and Yammarino 2013). Here the leaders encourage others and at the same time provide support and recognition of the performance of the team members. A transformational leader mainly provides importance to the development of trust and relationship among the team members helping each of them to look beyond their self interest and inspiring them to reach beyond expectations (Dumdum, Lowe and Avolio 2013). They create an inspiring vision for the future by allowing everyone to contribute their precious suggestions while decision making so that innovative and creative ideas can be implemented. All these help the leaders to ensure that the ca pability for the team members is maximized (McClesky et al., 2014). Researchers have stated that leaders following this style of leadership need to be well organized and expect their members to be creative allowing effective feedback giving and receiving skills. Their main goal should be team oriented where members should be influenced to work together by developing strong bonds (Kark and Shamir 2013). Moreover researchers have also stated that such leaders become successful in building strong coalitions and can establish mutual trust. In addition, they have high integrity as well as high emotional intelligence showing empathy with others (Antonakis and House 2014). Lessons learnt from this theory: After going thoroughly through this theory, I learnt that I had actually made a number of mistakes while leading my team. The first weakness I noted is that I did not have proper feedback giving and receiving skills. Therefore, I got very disappointed when my team members wanted to give me feedback on my decisions. I was more of autocratic leader than the transformational leader. As I did not allow them to express their feelings, they feel disrespected and their self esteem got hurt. This affected their productivity and they developed a negative feeling. Secondly, due to my poor socializing skills, I failed to develop an informal relationship with them. Researchers say that informal environment helps employees in releasing their stress and reduces work pressure. They feel comfortable in the working environment and as a result can dedicate more to the organization. I also showed less empathy to them which resulted in developing negative feelings towards me and so we could not develop a stable working environment. My internal complexes did not allow me to trust them completely which was a weak point of my leadership skills. I should develop a trustworthy relationship with my fellow teammates so that they feel themselves important in the organization. They should be given a scope of expressing their views and suggestions. More, they feel involved in the team and better the rapport developed between team members, the more stable is the workplace environment and better the productivity of the organization. I would try to achieve all the traits of transformational leadership so that in future, I can develop as an expert leader and help my team reach the zenith of success in the organization. Future aspirations: I have always cultivated the desire to serve individuals in the context of healthcare, and for fulfilling this aspiration I considered getting a degree healthcare science. I have a wish to work in the pharmacy center in any healthcare center. My job is to provide advice to patients and also work in association with medical and nursing staffs on the wards in order to ensure that best quality treatment is delivered to patients. While working here, I have to communicate with a multidisciplinary team where beside me as a pharmacist in-charge and care coordinator; there will be doctors, speech therapists, occupational therapists, physiotherapists, dieticians, podologists and many others. Often in a nation like Australia, there is a high chance that I may have to face experts from different cultures and backgrounds. As an effective leader, I have to make sure that I undertake proper initiatives and decisions which never harm the cultural traditions and beliefs of the experts. Not only that , I also have to handle patients and their family members from different backgrounds and therefore I have to train the experts under me in an effective way by which they can maintain the cultural preferences and inhibitions of the patients and their members. Therefore, I would be following the cross cultural leadership styles which mainly help the leaders to understand how different individuals interact with each other. This leadership style would help me maintain a working environment in my future healthcare center so that no conflicts arise at workplace. Leadership theory: Cross cultural leadership is a new form of leadership which is often followed by leaders of global organizations as well as organizations having a multicultural environment. In this type of leadership styles, the leaders ensure that they can work with diverse team effectively and efficiently (Eissenbeis and Broadbeck 2014). In this type of leadership style, the leaders need to have not only knowledge about their work but also have to ensure that they are aware of the cultural differences of the different countries. These leaders have to work with employees of different culture and have to develop knowledge about their cultural traditions and preferences so that they are not forced to perform any activities which are not supported by their cultures (Dinh et al. 2014). Moreover different workers of different cultures can perform same task in different ways according to their traditional beliefs which also needs to be monitored by the leaders (Liden et al. 2014). Such leaders have to ad apt strategies so that there arise no conflict among the team members where every member do not respect each others cultural preferences an engage in conflict. It becomes the duty of the leaders to establish strategies which help them to understand how to respect each others traditions and establish strong bonds (Yoshida et al. 2014). Moreover, this kind of leaders should influence the team members to incorporate their own ideas and suggestions so that the decision taken is highly creative and innovative which would assure tremendous success in the workplace. This kind of leadership also ensures that with proper innovation and creativity they can set new goals and keep the members motivated and making them deliver the best (Thomas and Peterson 2017). Such leaders also ensure that they have proper personal skills, empathy, socializing skills and self awareness skills which make them develop bonds among all the members irrespective of their personal likings and cultural traditions whe re they respect each other and care for each others. Lesson learnt from theory: I believe that in order to be an effective leader in pharmacy department, I have to first overcome the language barriers so that I can effective communicate with the pharmacy assistants and the pharmacy technicians and junior pharmacists. I have to develop a collaborative work culture by establishing a common bond among the team members. As they would be coming from the different backgrounds and cultures, there remains high chance that they will all have stereotypes and biasness towards their cultures. I would first be trying to implement the concept of cultural competency in them by making them develop knowledge about how to treat their colleagues and respect them of their cultural traditions, preferences and inhibitions. I would implement strategies which would help them in developing binds among themselves so that communication remains uninterrupted and no conflict arises. I should ensure that all members are respectful of each others choices and provide effective feedback harbori ng a positive attitude. I will ensure that all the team members maintain three important features of emotional intelligence, flexibility and cultural awareness so that smooth workflow is maintained in the workplace. If I am being able to successfully incorporate these capabilities in my leadership skills, I will be able to ensure a culturally competent working environment which will help to provide highest productivity and maintain safety at the same time. References: Antonakis, J. and House, R.J., 2014. Instrumental leadership: Measurement and extension of transformationaltransactional leadership theory.The Leadership Quarterly,25(4), pp.746-771. Avolio, B.J. and Yammarino, F.J. eds., 2013. Introduction to, and overview of, transformational and charismatic leadership. InTransformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead 10th Anniversary Edition(pp. xxvii-xxxiii). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Dinh, J.E., Lord, R.G., Gardner, W.L., Meuser, J.D., Liden, R.C. and Hu, J., 2014. Leadership theory and research in the new millennium: Current theoretical trends and changing perspectives.The Leadership Quarterly,25(1), pp.36-62. Dumdum, U.R., Lowe, K.B. and Avolio, B.J., 2013. A meta-analysis of transformational and transactional leadership correlates of effectiveness and satisfaction: An update and extension. InTransformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead 10th Anniversary Edition(pp. 39-70). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Eisenbeiss, S.A. and Brodbeck, F., 2014. Ethical and unethical leadership: A cross-cultural and cross-sectoral analysis.Journal of Business Ethics,122(2), pp.343-359. Kark, R. and Shamir, B., 2013. The dual effect of transformational leadership: Priming relational and collective selves and further effects on followers. InTransformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead 10th Anniversary Edition(pp. 77-101). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Liden, R.C., Wayne, S.J., Liao, C. and Meuser, J.D., 2014. Servant leadership and serving culture: Influence on individual and unit performance.Academy of Management Journal,57(5), pp.1434-1452. McCleskey, J.A., 2014. Situational, transformational, and transactional leadership and leadership development.Journal of Business Studies Quarterly,5(4), p.117. Thomas, D.C. and Peterson, M.F., 2017.Cross-cultural management: Essential concepts. Sage Publications. Yoshida, D.T., Sendjaya, S., Hirst, G. and Cooper, B., 2014. Does servant leadership foster creativity and innovation? A multi-level mediation study of identification and prototypicality.Journal of Business Research,67(7), pp.1395-1404.

Security Analysis Or Portfolio Management free essay sample

Before Fama and French question it, most business schools taught their student CAPM is the means of describing the relationship between expected return and risk in stocks. In 1992, Fama and French hade a study on stock market decision factors of differences between stock returns, they found the beta (sensitivity to the market return) of the CAPM cannot explain all the differences between the stock returns, and the market value, book value ratio, p/e ratio of listed companies can explain the differences between the stock returns. The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) by Sharpe (1964), Lintner (1965), Black (1972), believe that stock returns just relative to the risk of the whole stock market. But in fact, only measures the risk cannot explain all the variation in expect returns, the sensitivity to the market return is more complicated. This article will show the different between Capital Asset Pricing Model and Fama amp; French Model, and the way to analysis the stock return. We will write a custom essay sample on Security Analysis Or Portfolio Management or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2. Comparison of Value versus Growth Stock 2. 1 Value Stock amp; Growth Stock In this article, the researchers define the value stock as those stocks that have low ratios of book value to market value, the growth stocks as those that have low ratios of book value to market value. 2. 2 Findings of Value versus Growth Stock on Investing Most investors think the growth stocks can bring a better return, because they think those are good company, and the returns will be high. But the researchers find the growth can bring a better return, the value stocks got a high price by the market, which make their returns be low. In fact, the growth stocks have low ratios of book value to market value, it make the growth stocks get good return. 3. Determinants of stock return Fama and French founding that the market risk factor and the value-growth risk factor can explain average return of this set of large international stocks. The market risk factor is the return on an international market portfolio of stocks, and the value-growth factor is the difference between he return on an international portfolio of high book-to-market stocks and the return on an international portfolio of low book-to-market stocks. 4. Capital Asset Pricing Model vs. Fama amp; French Model 4. 1 CAMP and Its Importance The CAPM is built on a single measure of risk that explains asset returns. The CAPM helps investors determine how much they will earn by taking into account the risk of investments and the time value of money. With higher risk, the investor will want a higher rate of return for his investment. Although most researcher question CAMP, but this model still used widely in investing. Use beta to forecast single stock is different, but the investors still believe that, when the stocks’ portfolio of beta is small, it means the stock change small than the volatility of the market; when the stocks’ portfolio of beta is large, it means the stock change more than the volatility of the market. For the fund managers, this is important, they can use the CAMP, and no matter the market price is rising or falling. When the market price is falling, they can invest the portfolio of beta is low, and vice versa. 4. 2 Fama and French Explanation about Stock Return Compared with the CAMP, Fama and French use more complicated way to explain the stock return. They use three risk factors to design a more perfect model. It often used by the finance professionals to explain the risk and return of equity portfolios. In this model, the beta still is the most important risk factors. The second risk factor is the size, it compare the weighted average market value of stocks in the market. Small stocks have a different activity than big stocks in ever market. In the long run, the big stocks have low returns than small stocks. But this return is not free, the small stock have more risk. The third factor is comparing the amount of value stock exposure in relation to the market. In most companies, the value stock rend have lower earnings growth rates, higher dividends, and higher book-market value. In the long run, the value have higher return. 4. 3 Implications of the Two Models for Investors This tow models had implications for investors, although the CAPM is not accurate,but it still can help people to get investing idea for the market. First of all, the CAPM thinks the market too simple, it only considers the risk, and there are at least two additional dimensions of risk, no matter it is a domestic or international portfolios of stock, it is get rewarded in average returns. Secondly, another implication is that, it makes the investors believe the value stocks have higher returns than growth stocks in markets around the world. Looking at book-to-market equity, Fama and French found that value stocks outperformed growth stocks in 12 of 13 developed countries from 1975 to 1995, and that the difference between average returns on global portfolios of high and low book-to-market stocks was 7. 6 percent per year. Furthermore, when earnings-to-price, cash flow-to-price and dividend-to-price were examined, the value premium continued to be evident. Conclusion Although the CAPM stills an important mean to describe the relationship between expected return and risk in stocks. But CAPM has some serious flaws, especially with the assumptions of the risk-free rate and the market rate. Investors must consider current market conditions before deciding what numbers to use. Additionally, CAPM ignores taxes and transaction costs, lower returns on higher risk and adequate risk measurement. Fama and French think more about the stock return, this model use more risk factors to analysis the change of the stock price.