Feminist Literary Criticism in Indian Camp By Ernest...

Feminist Literary Criticism in Indian Camp By Ernest Hemingway In the short story â€Å"Indian Camp†, by Ernest Hemingway, many controversies arise about the idea of feminism in the text. Feminism is a general term used to describe advocating women’s rights socially, politically, and making equal rights to those of men. Feminist criticism is looked through a â€Å"lens† along the line of gender roles in literature, the value of female characters within the text, and interpreting the perspective from which the text is written. Many of Hemingway’s female characters display anti-feminist attributes due to the role that women play or how they are referred to within a text by him or other characters. There are many assumptions that go along with the†¦show more content†¦Roles depicted in the story of â€Å"Indian Camp† are mostly dominated by men. â€Å"His female characters are typically shallow, and at best, are merely passive receptors of th e dominant men that surround them† (Wray). The roles of the men are active compared to the women, whose roles are generally passive. Nick’s father, the doctor, has to perform a cesarean section on the Indian woman. This creates the idea that the woman cannot handle having the baby on her own and suggests that a man is needed to complete the job that is typically performed by a woman in the Native American culture. He takes away the natural process of a woman producing a baby, which is the one valuable thing that a female is able to do that a man cannot. The word â€Å"Cesarean† itself suggests power or control as a result of its root â€Å"Caesar† (Anderson). The Indian woman that assists the doctor is just used to retrieve water as the doctor requests and then just stands there. She has no part of taking action in the situation besides what the doctor tells her to do. The other women present are only mentioned once to show that they are just there. Thre e Indian men and Nick’s Uncle, George, holds the Indian woman down as if she cannot allow herself to let the doctor perform his operation and gives the men power or strength over the woman. The woman’s husband commits suicide by cutting his own throat. â€Å"The Indian lay with his face towardShow MoreRelated The Forgotten Female in the Works of Ernest Hemingway Essay3143 Words   |  13 PagesThe Forgotten Female in the Works of Hemingway      Ã‚  Ã‚   Ernest Hemingway has often been accused of misogyny in his treatment of female characters (and, perhaps, in his treatment of women in his own life). It is not fashionable these days to praise the work of Ernest Hemingway, says Frederick Busch. His women too often seem to be projections of male needfulness (1). Many of his stories are seen as prototypical bildungsroman stories--stories, usually, of young men coming of age. There

Science vs. Nature as a Means of Obtaining Perfection in...

Although we may mask our insecurities with false confidence and bravado, deep down most people crave perfection. As the majority of us learn as we age, this idea of â€Å"perfection† is unobtainable. The older we get, the more we tend to accept the flaws and imperfections that make us individuals. However, there are others who never learn the hard lesson of acceptance. Instead they spend ridiculous amounts of money on surgeries, creams and concoctions in order to rid themselves of these marks and insecurities. It’s a constant battle, a fork in the road if you may, between science and nature. On one side there’s the high-road of nature and acceptance, and on the other there’s the scientific shortcut that, in reality, just continues to mask the original problem. The Birthmark leads us to believe that this is perhaps a topic Hawthorne struggled with himself. Hawthorne clearly displays his decided distaste for science and its unnatural ways in his short story, The Birthmark. Aylmer, the main character of the story, is a brilliant scientist/alchemist. He possesses a belief in mans ultimate control over nature, and thinks there is nothing man cant overcome (Harun). His obsession with his wife Georgiana’s small birth mark, which resembles a hand, begins after they’re married. Aylmer is fixated with the idea of Georgianas perfection; he believes that in order for him to experience perfect love, he must have a perfect woman to love (Norman). His obsession and distaste gradually wear

Leadership Skills for Transformational - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theLeadership Skills for Transformational andCharismatic. Answer: My experience: While I was placed in an organization in my internship years, I was given the position of a leader of eight member team. Previously I had never demonstrated any leadership skills and therefore I was quite concerned about my leadership skills. While working in the team, I decided on a strategy in order to complete a task. When I conveyed the strategy of time management, two of the members suggested that the strategy would not bring out positive effect as this would require more time. However, I became quite disappointed and stated that since I am the leader they are bound to follow my decisions. Though they expressed dissatisfaction initially, they acted as per my guidance eventually. Moreover, I also noticed that I was not being able to socialize with them and only communicated with them when I needed to talk about work. This was making the working environment very strenuous and was creating pressure as I was not supporting an informal environment to be developed in workplace. There was no question of showing empathy towards the team members as they could not be trusted with the work. I had little confidence that they would work successfully towards fulfillment of the goal. The productivity of the team members was very poor under my leadership and they felt highly stressed. Leadership skill that I will follow: The leadership theory which I select is my transformational leadership. Transformational leadership is a form of leadership where the leaders inspire their team members in every possible way so that they are able to fulfill the companys goals and missions. This style mainly shows a model of integrity and fairness along with having a set of goals (Avolio and Yammarino 2013). Here the leaders encourage others and at the same time provide support and recognition of the performance of the team members. A transformational leader mainly provides importance to the development of trust and relationship among the team members helping each of them to look beyond their self interest and inspiring them to reach beyond expectations (Dumdum, Lowe and Avolio 2013). They create an inspiring vision for the future by allowing everyone to contribute their precious suggestions while decision making so that innovative and creative ideas can be implemented. All these help the leaders to ensure that the ca pability for the team members is maximized (McClesky et al., 2014). Researchers have stated that leaders following this style of leadership need to be well organized and expect their members to be creative allowing effective feedback giving and receiving skills. Their main goal should be team oriented where members should be influenced to work together by developing strong bonds (Kark and Shamir 2013). Moreover researchers have also stated that such leaders become successful in building strong coalitions and can establish mutual trust. In addition, they have high integrity as well as high emotional intelligence showing empathy with others (Antonakis and House 2014). Lessons learnt from this theory: After going thoroughly through this theory, I learnt that I had actually made a number of mistakes while leading my team. The first weakness I noted is that I did not have proper feedback giving and receiving skills. Therefore, I got very disappointed when my team members wanted to give me feedback on my decisions. I was more of autocratic leader than the transformational leader. As I did not allow them to express their feelings, they feel disrespected and their self esteem got hurt. This affected their productivity and they developed a negative feeling. Secondly, due to my poor socializing skills, I failed to develop an informal relationship with them. Researchers say that informal environment helps employees in releasing their stress and reduces work pressure. They feel comfortable in the working environment and as a result can dedicate more to the organization. I also showed less empathy to them which resulted in developing negative feelings towards me and so we could not develop a stable working environment. My internal complexes did not allow me to trust them completely which was a weak point of my leadership skills. I should develop a trustworthy relationship with my fellow teammates so that they feel themselves important in the organization. They should be given a scope of expressing their views and suggestions. More, they feel involved in the team and better the rapport developed between team members, the more stable is the workplace environment and better the productivity of the organization. I would try to achieve all the traits of transformational leadership so that in future, I can develop as an expert leader and help my team reach the zenith of success in the organization. Future aspirations: I have always cultivated the desire to serve individuals in the context of healthcare, and for fulfilling this aspiration I considered getting a degree healthcare science. I have a wish to work in the pharmacy center in any healthcare center. My job is to provide advice to patients and also work in association with medical and nursing staffs on the wards in order to ensure that best quality treatment is delivered to patients. While working here, I have to communicate with a multidisciplinary team where beside me as a pharmacist in-charge and care coordinator; there will be doctors, speech therapists, occupational therapists, physiotherapists, dieticians, podologists and many others. Often in a nation like Australia, there is a high chance that I may have to face experts from different cultures and backgrounds. As an effective leader, I have to make sure that I undertake proper initiatives and decisions which never harm the cultural traditions and beliefs of the experts. Not only that , I also have to handle patients and their family members from different backgrounds and therefore I have to train the experts under me in an effective way by which they can maintain the cultural preferences and inhibitions of the patients and their members. Therefore, I would be following the cross cultural leadership styles which mainly help the leaders to understand how different individuals interact with each other. This leadership style would help me maintain a working environment in my future healthcare center so that no conflicts arise at workplace. Leadership theory: Cross cultural leadership is a new form of leadership which is often followed by leaders of global organizations as well as organizations having a multicultural environment. In this type of leadership styles, the leaders ensure that they can work with diverse team effectively and efficiently (Eissenbeis and Broadbeck 2014). In this type of leadership style, the leaders need to have not only knowledge about their work but also have to ensure that they are aware of the cultural differences of the different countries. These leaders have to work with employees of different culture and have to develop knowledge about their cultural traditions and preferences so that they are not forced to perform any activities which are not supported by their cultures (Dinh et al. 2014). Moreover different workers of different cultures can perform same task in different ways according to their traditional beliefs which also needs to be monitored by the leaders (Liden et al. 2014). Such leaders have to ad apt strategies so that there arise no conflict among the team members where every member do not respect each others cultural preferences an engage in conflict. It becomes the duty of the leaders to establish strategies which help them to understand how to respect each others traditions and establish strong bonds (Yoshida et al. 2014). Moreover, this kind of leaders should influence the team members to incorporate their own ideas and suggestions so that the decision taken is highly creative and innovative which would assure tremendous success in the workplace. This kind of leadership also ensures that with proper innovation and creativity they can set new goals and keep the members motivated and making them deliver the best (Thomas and Peterson 2017). Such leaders also ensure that they have proper personal skills, empathy, socializing skills and self awareness skills which make them develop bonds among all the members irrespective of their personal likings and cultural traditions whe re they respect each other and care for each others. Lesson learnt from theory: I believe that in order to be an effective leader in pharmacy department, I have to first overcome the language barriers so that I can effective communicate with the pharmacy assistants and the pharmacy technicians and junior pharmacists. I have to develop a collaborative work culture by establishing a common bond among the team members. As they would be coming from the different backgrounds and cultures, there remains high chance that they will all have stereotypes and biasness towards their cultures. I would first be trying to implement the concept of cultural competency in them by making them develop knowledge about how to treat their colleagues and respect them of their cultural traditions, preferences and inhibitions. I would implement strategies which would help them in developing binds among themselves so that communication remains uninterrupted and no conflict arises. I should ensure that all members are respectful of each others choices and provide effective feedback harbori ng a positive attitude. I will ensure that all the team members maintain three important features of emotional intelligence, flexibility and cultural awareness so that smooth workflow is maintained in the workplace. If I am being able to successfully incorporate these capabilities in my leadership skills, I will be able to ensure a culturally competent working environment which will help to provide highest productivity and maintain safety at the same time. References: Antonakis, J. and House, R.J., 2014. Instrumental leadership: Measurement and extension of transformationaltransactional leadership theory.The Leadership Quarterly,25(4), pp.746-771. Avolio, B.J. and Yammarino, F.J. eds., 2013. Introduction to, and overview of, transformational and charismatic leadership. InTransformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead 10th Anniversary Edition(pp. xxvii-xxxiii). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Dinh, J.E., Lord, R.G., Gardner, W.L., Meuser, J.D., Liden, R.C. and Hu, J., 2014. Leadership theory and research in the new millennium: Current theoretical trends and changing perspectives.The Leadership Quarterly,25(1), pp.36-62. Dumdum, U.R., Lowe, K.B. and Avolio, B.J., 2013. A meta-analysis of transformational and transactional leadership correlates of effectiveness and satisfaction: An update and extension. InTransformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead 10th Anniversary Edition(pp. 39-70). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Eisenbeiss, S.A. and Brodbeck, F., 2014. Ethical and unethical leadership: A cross-cultural and cross-sectoral analysis.Journal of Business Ethics,122(2), pp.343-359. Kark, R. and Shamir, B., 2013. The dual effect of transformational leadership: Priming relational and collective selves and further effects on followers. InTransformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead 10th Anniversary Edition(pp. 77-101). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Liden, R.C., Wayne, S.J., Liao, C. and Meuser, J.D., 2014. Servant leadership and serving culture: Influence on individual and unit performance.Academy of Management Journal,57(5), pp.1434-1452. McCleskey, J.A., 2014. Situational, transformational, and transactional leadership and leadership development.Journal of Business Studies Quarterly,5(4), p.117. Thomas, D.C. and Peterson, M.F., 2017.Cross-cultural management: Essential concepts. Sage Publications. Yoshida, D.T., Sendjaya, S., Hirst, G. and Cooper, B., 2014. Does servant leadership foster creativity and innovation? A multi-level mediation study of identification and prototypicality.Journal of Business Research,67(7), pp.1395-1404.

Security Analysis Or Portfolio Management free essay sample

Before Fama and French question it, most business schools taught their student CAPM is the means of describing the relationship between expected return and risk in stocks. In 1992, Fama and French hade a study on stock market decision factors of differences between stock returns, they found the beta (sensitivity to the market return) of the CAPM cannot explain all the differences between the stock returns, and the market value, book value ratio, p/e ratio of listed companies can explain the differences between the stock returns. The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) by Sharpe (1964), Lintner (1965), Black (1972), believe that stock returns just relative to the risk of the whole stock market. But in fact, only measures the risk cannot explain all the variation in expect returns, the sensitivity to the market return is more complicated. This article will show the different between Capital Asset Pricing Model and Fama amp; French Model, and the way to analysis the stock return. We will write a custom essay sample on Security Analysis Or Portfolio Management or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2. Comparison of Value versus Growth Stock 2. 1 Value Stock amp; Growth Stock In this article, the researchers define the value stock as those stocks that have low ratios of book value to market value, the growth stocks as those that have low ratios of book value to market value. 2. 2 Findings of Value versus Growth Stock on Investing Most investors think the growth stocks can bring a better return, because they think those are good company, and the returns will be high. But the researchers find the growth can bring a better return, the value stocks got a high price by the market, which make their returns be low. In fact, the growth stocks have low ratios of book value to market value, it make the growth stocks get good return. 3. Determinants of stock return Fama and French founding that the market risk factor and the value-growth risk factor can explain average return of this set of large international stocks. The market risk factor is the return on an international market portfolio of stocks, and the value-growth factor is the difference between he return on an international portfolio of high book-to-market stocks and the return on an international portfolio of low book-to-market stocks. 4. Capital Asset Pricing Model vs. Fama amp; French Model 4. 1 CAMP and Its Importance The CAPM is built on a single measure of risk that explains asset returns. The CAPM helps investors determine how much they will earn by taking into account the risk of investments and the time value of money. With higher risk, the investor will want a higher rate of return for his investment. Although most researcher question CAMP, but this model still used widely in investing. Use beta to forecast single stock is different, but the investors still believe that, when the stocks’ portfolio of beta is small, it means the stock change small than the volatility of the market; when the stocks’ portfolio of beta is large, it means the stock change more than the volatility of the market. For the fund managers, this is important, they can use the CAMP, and no matter the market price is rising or falling. When the market price is falling, they can invest the portfolio of beta is low, and vice versa. 4. 2 Fama and French Explanation about Stock Return Compared with the CAMP, Fama and French use more complicated way to explain the stock return. They use three risk factors to design a more perfect model. It often used by the finance professionals to explain the risk and return of equity portfolios. In this model, the beta still is the most important risk factors. The second risk factor is the size, it compare the weighted average market value of stocks in the market. Small stocks have a different activity than big stocks in ever market. In the long run, the big stocks have low returns than small stocks. But this return is not free, the small stock have more risk. The third factor is comparing the amount of value stock exposure in relation to the market. In most companies, the value stock rend have lower earnings growth rates, higher dividends, and higher book-market value. In the long run, the value have higher return. 4. 3 Implications of the Two Models for Investors This tow models had implications for investors, although the CAPM is not accurate,but it still can help people to get investing idea for the market. First of all, the CAPM thinks the market too simple, it only considers the risk, and there are at least two additional dimensions of risk, no matter it is a domestic or international portfolios of stock, it is get rewarded in average returns. Secondly, another implication is that, it makes the investors believe the value stocks have higher returns than growth stocks in markets around the world. Looking at book-to-market equity, Fama and French found that value stocks outperformed growth stocks in 12 of 13 developed countries from 1975 to 1995, and that the difference between average returns on global portfolios of high and low book-to-market stocks was 7. 6 percent per year. Furthermore, when earnings-to-price, cash flow-to-price and dividend-to-price were examined, the value premium continued to be evident. Conclusion Although the CAPM stills an important mean to describe the relationship between expected return and risk in stocks. But CAPM has some serious flaws, especially with the assumptions of the risk-free rate and the market rate. Investors must consider current market conditions before deciding what numbers to use. Additionally, CAPM ignores taxes and transaction costs, lower returns on higher risk and adequate risk measurement. Fama and French think more about the stock return, this model use more risk factors to analysis the change of the stock price.

How to Write to Market and Improve your Income

How to Write to Market and Improve your Income If you’re an indie author, it’s possible you have heard other authors talk about writing to market. It’s not a new concept, but within the last few years indie authors have been using it to sell more books and skyrocket their income. Here’s how to do it. 1.  Ã‚     Pick a genre you love.  It does no good to write in a genre you don’t read in and enjoy, so pick one you are quite familiar with. For example, let’s pick mystery. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Drill down to a popular sub-genre.  Take some time and look at the different sub-genres. Pick one you enjoy and look at the top selling books. Let’s pick culinary cozy mystery. If you look on Amazon, the top selling book in that category is #112 in the whole Kindle store. This is good, it means this is a hot category. Now look at the top twentieth book. It’s ranked #2,771. Anything above #10,000 is going to indicate it’s a hot market. The trick is to pick one that is hot, but not so crowded that you can’t break in. 3.  Ã‚     Study the tropes, themes, and similarities.  Now that you’ve picked your sub-genre, buy the top ten books and read them. Look at the story threads that run through all the books searching for tropes and themes that are the same. Ignore the outliers, the books that sell well but don’t have similar themes or tropes. You’re looking for the commonalities. Write them down. 4.  Ã‚     Write your book.  Now you should be able to incorporate these well-loved tropes and themes in your own book. This does not mean you are copying the stories. This means you are using common storytelling devices that have been around for years. With your own unique twists, you should be able to tell a story that will be both fresh and new, yet familiar and loved. 5.  Ã‚     Rapid release.  A popular trend to raising your income is to write three novels and then publish one every 30 days. This will acquire you more visibility and raise your ranks, especially if you’re writing in a series. 6.  Ã‚     Write a reader magnet.  Write a novella or short story and give it away as incentive to join your newsletter. 7.  Ã‚     Network.  Spend some time on social media getting to know other authors who write in your genre. For this example, this would be culinary cozy mystery. See if there are any Facebook groups where these authors hang out. If not, start your own and invite authors to join. 8.  Ã‚     Trade promotion.  Offer to promote another author’s book in your newsletter if they will promote yours. 9.  Ã‚     Slow release.  Instead of scheduling all your promotion on your release day, spread it out so your book slowly rises in rank on Amazon. This will make your book stay higher in rank longer. Michelle Pennington was averaging $33 income per month in the beginning of 2017. She began writing to market in the fall of 2017 and in the beginning of 2018 was averaging $3,600 income per month. This May she topped $7,000 for the month. Amy Meyer earned $63.50 in May of 2017. She began writing to market under the pen name of Anne-Marie Meyer shortly after that. Her income for Ma, 2018 was $7,353. Bree Livingston published her first to market book in March of this year. She made $2,283 in March. April brought in $6,402. May topped $8,000. Last year her total income was $281. These three examples happen to be sweet romance writers, but this isn’t a concept that only works for this genre. Craig Martelle, founder of the Facebook group 20Booksto50K writes to market science fiction. Susan Kaye Quinn brings in six figures writing YA dystopian. This method will work with any genre as long as it is commercial, and you pick a niche that is selling well.

Pelycosaurs, Archosaurs, and Therapsids

Pelycosaurs, Archosaurs, and Therapsids Like archeologists discovering the ruins of a previously unknown civilization buried deep beneath an ancient city, dinosaur enthusiasts are sometimes astonished to learn that entirely different kinds of reptiles once ruled the earth, tens of millions of years before famous dinosaurs like Tyrannosaurus Rex, Velociraptor, and Stegosaurus. For approximately 120 million years- from the Carboniferous to the middle Triassic periods- terrestrial life was dominated by the pelycosaurs, archosaurs, and therapsids (the so-called mammal-like reptiles) that preceded the dinosaurs. Of course, before there could be archosaurs (much less full-blown dinosaurs), nature had to evolve the first true reptile. At the start of the Carboniferous periodthe swampy, wet, vegetation-choked era during which the first peat bogs formed- the most common land creatures were prehistoric amphibians, themselves descended (by way of the earliest tetrapods) from the proverbial  prehistoric fish that flipped, flopped, and slithered their way out of oceans and lakes millions of years before. Because of their reliance on water, though, these amphibians couldnt stray far from the rivers, lakes, and oceans that kept them moist, and that provided a convenient place to lay their eggs. Based on the current evidence, the best candidate we know of for the first true reptile is Hylonomus, fossils of which have been found in sediments dating back 315 million years. Hylonomus- the name is Greek for forest dweller- may well have been the first tetrapod (four-footed animal) to lay eggs and have scaly skin, features that would have allowed it to venture farther from the bodies of water to which its amphibian ancestors were tethered. Theres no doubt that Hylonomus evolved from an amphibian species; in fact, scientists believe that the elevated oxygen levels of the Carboniferous period may have helped fuel the development of complex animals in general. The Rise of the Pelycosaurs Now came one of those catastrophic global events that cause some animal populations to prosper, and others to shrivel up and disappear. Toward the start of the  Permian period, about 300 million years ago, the earths climate gradually became hotter and drier. These conditions favored small reptiles like Hylonomus  and were detrimental to the amphibians that had previously dominated the planet. Because they were better at regulating their own body temperature, laid their eggs on land, and didnt need to stay close to bodies of water, the reptiles radiated- that is, evolved and differentiated to occupy various ecological niches. (The amphibians didnt go away- they’re still with us today, in dwindling numbers- but their time in the limelight was over.) One of the most important groups of evolved reptiles was the pelycosaurs (Greek for bowl lizards). These creatures appeared toward the end of the Carboniferous period, and persisted well into the Permian, dominating the continents for about 40 million years. By far the most famous pelycosaur (and one thats often mistaken for a dinosaur) was Dimetrodon, a large reptile with a prominent sail on its back (the main function of which may have been to soak up sunlight and maintain its owners internal temperature). The pelycosaurs made their livings in different ways: for example, Dimetrodon was a carnivore, while its similar-looking cousin Edaphosaurus was a plant-eater (and its entirely possible that one fed on the other). Its impossible to list all the genera of pelycosaurs here; suffice it to say that a lot of different varieties evolved over 40 million years. These reptiles are classified as synapsids, which are characterized by the presence of one hole in the skull behind each eye (technically speaking, all mammals are also synapsids). During the Permian period, synapsids coexisted with anapsids (reptiles lacking those all-important skull holes). Prehistoric anapsids also attained a striking degree of complexity, as exemplified by such large, ungainly creatures as Scutosaurus. (The only anapsid reptiles alive today are the Testudines- turtles, tortoises, and terrapins.) Meet the Therapsids- The Mammal-Like Reptiles The timing and sequence cant be pinned down precisely, but paleontologists believe that sometime during the early  Permian  period, a branch of pelycosaurs evolved into reptiles called therapsids (otherwise known as mammal-like reptiles). Therapsids were characterized by their more powerful jaws bearing sharper (and better differentiated) teeth, as well as their upright stances (that is, their legs were situated vertically beneath their bodies, compared to the sprawling, lizard-like posture of earlier synapsids). Once again, it took a catastrophic global event to separate the boys from the men (or, in this case, the pelycosaurs from the therapsids). By the end of the Permian period,  250 million years ago, over two-thirds of all land-dwelling animals went extinct, possibly because of a meteorite impact (of the same type that killed the dinosaurs 185 million years later). Among the survivors were various species of therapsids, which were free to radiate into the depopulated landscape of the early  Triassic  period. A good example is  Lystrosaurus, which evolutionary writer Richard Dawkins has called the Noah of the Permian/Triassic boundary: fossils of this 200-pound therapsid have been found all over the world. Here’s where things get weird. During the Permian period, the cynodonts (dog-toothed reptiles) that descended from the earliest therapsids developed some distinctly mammalian characteristics. Theres solid evidence that reptiles like  Cynognathus  and  Thrinaxodon  had fur, and they may also have had  warm-blooded metabolisms  and black, wet, dog-like noses. Cynognathus (Greek for dog jaw) may even have given birth to live young, which by almost any measure would make it much closer to a mammal than to a reptile! Sadly, the therapsids were doomed by the end of the Triassic period, muscled out of the scene by the archosaurs (of which more below), and then by the archosaurs immediate descendants, the  earliest dinosaurs. However, not all therapsids went extinct: a few small genera survived for tens of millions of years, scurrying unnoticed under the feet of lumbering dinosaurs and evolving into the first  prehistoric mammals  (of which the immediate predecessor may have been the small, quivering therapsid Tritylodon.) Enter the Archosaurs Another family of prehistoric reptile, called the  archosaurs, coexisted with the therapsids (as well as the other land reptiles that survived the Permian/Triassic extinction). These early diapsids- so-called because of the two, rather than one, holes in their skulls behind each eye socket- managed to out-compete the therapsids, for reasons that are still obscure. We do know that the teeth of archosaurs were more firmly set in their jaw sockets, which would have been an evolutionary advantage, and its possible that they were quicker to evolve upright, bipedal postures (Euparkeria, for example, may have been one of the first archosaurs capable of rearing up on its hind legs.) Toward the end of the Triassic period, the first archosaurs split off into the first primitive dinosaurs: small, quick, bipedal carnivores like  Eoraptor,  Herrerasaurus,  and  Staurikosaurus. The identity of the immediate progenitor of the dinosaurs is still a matter of debate, but one likely candidate is  Lagosuchus  (Greek for rabbit crocodile), a tiny, bipedal archosaur that possessed a number of distinctly dinosaur-like characteristics, and that sometimes goes by the name  Marasuchus. (Recently, paleontologists identified what may well be the earliest dinosaur descended from archosaurs, the 243-million-year-old  Nyasasaurus.) It would, however, be a very dinosaur-centric way of looking at things to write archosaurs out of the picture as soon as they evolved into the first theropods. The fact is that archosaurs went on to spawn two other mighty races of animals: the  prehistoric crocodiles  and the  pterosaurs, or flying reptiles. In fact, by all rights, we should be giving crocodiles precedence over dinosaurs, since these fierce reptiles are still with us today, whereas  Tyrannosaurus Rex,  Brachiosaurus,  and all the rest arent!

Case Study for Student Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Case Study for Student Analysis - Essay Example Upon realization Carl robin find himself in a very puzzled situation where he thinks that every thing is not going very well and he might not be able to complete his task successfully. New employees data was not organized and pre-orientation tasks were not completed. Moreover orientation room was also not free for the orientation day. The main problems that lead Carl to this dilemma were his mismanagement and not organizing everything ahead. He was not quite ready for this task and shouldn't have taken the challenge for the big project. It was his first project, which should be rather small than this one. Apart from having past experience he was less familiar with the working disciplines in his new organization. He was not well coordinated and then he mismanaged his time. While working on his very first project with a new company, he was expected to be more upright and alert. He did not communicated well though and was not aware of the situation until it was very late. Being new at his job, he was not being supervised and there was no communication in any of his matters. Carl was new at his job, only six months had passed and in this time this was his first recruitment. It would have been good for him to start from small project then taking up the challenge for the big one. His company shouldn't have allowed him to take up the responsibility on the first place. It will be considered more of the company's fault than his own. In spite of this there was no monitoring of his job and he did not pursue communication at any moment in any of his matter. When there is no movement and no aggression while he is working, it is obvious that things are going smooth or he is unaware of the real situation. The fact is that he was not aware of the situation until it was too late proves that he was not well experienced and well equipped to perform the task. I would consider this as a company fault to allow him to take the responsibility of this project. After taking up the challenged Carl didn't work on a straight plan, as a matter of fact there was no plan. There was no paper work involved. When he interviewed the employees he didn't ask them to come with all their transcripts and other official paper required. He had not planned to inform the newly hired of the drug tests. He didn't communication with the newly hires as well as in his organization for things that were left to be done. He did not double-checked for the missing documents well before the time. The recruitment process was not organized and there were no planned steps that he followed. He had not drafted his work and due to this he was unable to monitor his performance and to find where he was lagging. There was no such body where he would become aware of such potential issues. He was disorganized in all of his matters. On May 15 he was reminded of important tasks, which he overlooked yet again. His approach to the project overall made him a total failure. The key to his job was communication. Communicating with the concerned departments to make sure he is on the right track. He was well aware that on June 15 is the big day and orientation will be held on that day and he never thought that he should be reserving orientation room for that day. This was his high priority but he was unable to figure it out. The cause to all of his problems was his mismanagement and not organizing every thing ahead. Moreover he was not ready for this project and his disability to handle the burden lead

Article summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

Article summary - Essay Example Many fast-food workers complain that they are working too hard and can hardly make both ends meet. â€Å"We deserve a good life, too† claims Jasmine Almodovar, the protest participant. The organizers expect almost 100 cities to take part into the protest. They are also to engage sit-ins in more than a dozen of cities. One more step is to have home-care workers join. It would definitely let workers and union leaders attract even more attention of great masses of population. At the same time, fast-food chains and many franchise operators refuse to meet the claims of the protesters, since so heavy expenses would certainly make their business unprofitable. However, they acknowledge the human right for non-violent protests. Supposedly, it could be possible to increase salaries on a gradual basis. Though, business model of many fast-food corporations might be based on  minimum-survival profit. It means that the demands of their employees are unlikely to be satisfied. Nevertheless, the campaign may be considered fruitful. The protest persuaded many people that $15 is quite an adequate wage for many workers. Certain cities, such as San Francisco, are to adopt such a wage floor in the nearest future. Also Ms. Henry, the president of the Service Employees International Union, said that this movement made people believe that the impossible may come true one

Petitions of African Chiefs Essay Example for Free

Petitions of African Chiefs Essay 1. When the slave trade was abolished in certain regions of Africa, the Africans were forced to find other alternative sources of livelihood such as entering in a legitimate trade of shipping various products.     Ã‚  Instead of selling human beings as merchandise, the Africans accepted the timber trade when it was introduced by the Europeans.   However, when   the timber trade did not succeed, they turned to growing and exporting ground nuts and when this too did not come through, the Africans resorted to palm oil trading – the subject of King Ockiya’s letter to the Earl of Derby. 2. Since the abolition of the African slave trade, Africans having been trying to find other sources of income and livelihood.   Among such is the valued palm oil which they collected from the hinterlands.   However, greedy British traders wanted to bypass them and go directly to the source of these valued commodity.   Hence, the African leaders were asking the British to let them have their own source of livelihood, free of intervention from the Europeans who were already encroaching on their trading posts thereby stopping the African trade completely. The petitions and demands of the African leaders show how powerful the Europeans are that even building huts or places of abode are considered taxable.   Nonetheless, these ruthlessness of the Europeans paved the way for the Africans to wake up and saw all of these as an assault to their customs, livelihood and traditions. Lin’s Letter to Queen Victoria 1. The rise of the opium trade in China according to Lin has poisoned and injured its people.   The laws of the country have been disregard in lieu of the temptations and addiction of the opium drug. 1. Lin tries to convince Queen Victoria to stop the opium trade by appealing to their conscience and strict morality. He tries to emphasize that since opium is forbidden in Britain and brings harm to the British people, the Queen must condemn it as well especially its importation.   As Lin proudly said, China has only exported things that are beneficial to the people and opium is not one of them. By giving the impression that China only exports things that are beneficial, from which the world has undoubtedly benefited, Lin thinks that Queen Victoria and the rest of Britain might be convinced of his argument.   However, the tone of Lin’s letter is also threatening whereby he gives the appearance that China in consonance with its laws will not hesitate to execute anyone caught selling and using the prohibited drug. Hence, the response of the British will naturally be to disregard Lin and his contention, even get angry at such preposterousness.

Black Women clubs of denver Essay -- essays research papers

In this study you asked us to look more closely at the plight of African American women of the west and their impact on the community in which they lived. I found that most of the articles assigned were of little help in achieving this objective, in that a large amount of the articles did not give much mention of the effects of these women on their communities. However, I was able to find little bits of helpful information in each article and with the help of the article â€Å"Lifting as We Climb† (which held the most valuable information), I was able to formulate the following analyze.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  African American women that are focused on in the article â€Å"Lifting as We Climb†, I believe, give a fairly accurate overview of the over all impact and ideal system that many blacks in the community held. Therefore, to understand African American women’s ideal, which invariably is a reflection of the overall black ideal system, we must first evaluate the overall stance of blacks across the nation. The increasingly large amount of racism that was being experienced by blacks across the country during the reconstruction era and later, forced the African American’s of this nation to unite under one common belief. Originally the belief was that, with the 13th and 14th amendments, blacks would soon be experience full participation in the main stream culture of white Americans. This, they would soon realize, would not be the case and so a new approach must be taken. African A...

Characteristics and Statement

Peninsula Boulevard Hempstead, NY 1 1 550 Attention: Dry. Rodney Gilmore, Associate Superintendent for Personnel Services Dear Dry. Gilmore: I am Interested In applying for a Social Worker or Counselor position In your organization that was advertised on alas. Com. It Is my goal to utilize my experience and skills to create an environment both enjoyable and conducive to learning.I am passionate and enthusiastic about giving back to the community and to make a costive contribution to this school. As a school counselor or social worker, I will demonstrate passion for supporting the success of all the students, with emphasis on the populations who need It most. I would bring this passion to my role at your school and I look forward to working as a part of a team of service providers to ensure the success of our students.I would also provide diverse and specialized services to students, families and communities, in order to help students attain axiom benefits from the school program. St udents are the primary focus of the educational process. I could contribute knowledge and concern for the wide range of social, emotional, cultural and economic differences among children, families and communities.The current characteristics that I possess are as follows: Appropriate empathy skills – eventually able to be helpful In the situation or Issue Good listening skills ? screening situations to get to the heart of an Issue or complaint, while still extending compassion and support Ability to organize – case situations and identify and prioritize interventionsÃ'› identify and organize resources in relation to parental concerns Objectivity – do not personalize situations, allow clients to vent, then assess the situation or concern Clarifying central issues for the parent that may not be easily seen because of the anger, frustration or disappointment Interviewing skills Confidentially – being able to be confident, but able to help the clients The f ollowing heartsickness are necessary to be an effective helper: Genuineness Self-Awareness Acceptance Desire to help Patience Listening Communicating Giving Feedback Observing Confronting I am confident that my experience and skills will make me a valuable member of the Hempstead School District social work team. I have enclosed my resume, and will call much for your time and consideration

Why Do You Wish to Participate in the Dss Leader Ship Program?

Why do you wish to participate in the DSS Leader Ship program? I wish to participate in the DSS Leader Ship program to strengthen my leadership skills, to gain knowledge and skills in order to advance to a higher position within DaVita. The skills I will learn will allow me to encourage higher education and advancement in my teammates. In this essay, I will describe my interests, expectations, and goals to participate in this leadership program. First, I believe this program is an excellent opportunity to strengthen my leadership skills. The skills learned in this program will be used and applied in everyday job operations. Also, I hunger to learn how to lead my team according to DaVita’s Core Values; Integrity, Fun, Service Excellence, Accountability, Team, Continuous Improvement and Fulfillment. The skills obtained will also help me to carry out my job more proficiently and confidently. Being a good leader and role model is very important to me and I am very motivated to gain any skills that will assist in achieving those qualities. Secondly, the knowledge and skills gained in this program will assist me in advancement within DaVita. Currently, I work with a group of professionals which include the Medical Director, Facility Administrator, Nurses, Social Worker and Dietitian, together we are the Interdisciplinary Team, taking a holistic approach in assessing, evaluating, and implementing care for our patients. According to (http://medical-dictionary. thefreedictionary. com/_dict. aspx, 2011) Interdisciplinary Team means a group of health care professionals from diverse fields who work in a coordinated fashion toward a common goal for the patient. As one of the Interdisciplinary Team Members, I believe this program will broaden my critical thinking and problem solving skills to help me bring more to the Team for the benefit of our patients. In this ever changing field, I have a thirst for knowledge and feel the need to be challenged. In my opinion, obtaining knowledge and learning new things should always be on a continuous basis with this ever-changing world, and economy, as well as meeting the needs of my patients and teammates. Thirdly, encouraging higher education and advancement in my teammates is also a priority. I am a firm believer that education within a company means longevity. The goal of being a good leader entails encouraging others to exceed boundaries for success. My affirmation is leading by example. In addition, being a role model to my teammates is exemplified by my interest in this program. In conclusion, strengthening my leader ship skills, gaining skills and knowledge, and encouraging higher education amongst my teammates; are some of the major reasons I wish to participate in this program. I believe my role on the Interdisciplinary Team can also be enhanced by my participation in this program by broadening my critical thinking and problem solving skills. I feel this will be a great opportunity for me and my teammates to be accepted into this program to learn how to become a strong leader by using the DaVita’s Core Values; Integrity, Fun, Service Excellence, Accountability, Team, Continuous Improvement, and Fulfillment. Reference: (http://medical-dictionary. thefreedictionary. com/_dict. aspx, 2011)

Free Essays on Pascal

Blaise Pascal believes God as an infinite, something that we do not know. He says, â€Å"We know that there is an infinite, and are ignorant of its nature. As we know it to be false that numbers are finite, it is therefore true that there is an infinity in number. But we do not know what it is. It is false that it is even, it is false that it is odd†¦so we may well know that there is a God without knowing what He is.† In this, he means that even though we cannot see God and cannot physically interact with him, it is true to say that we have faith in Him and believe in Him regardless of these obstacles. Pascal thought we know the existence of the infinite, but are ignorant of its nature, because it has extensions like us but not limits like us. He explains that we as humans do not know neither the existence nor the nature of god, because of the fact the God has neither extension nor limits. Pascal thought that if there was indeed a God, he must be infinitely incomp rehensible, since having neither parts nor limits; He has no affinity to us. With this Pascal summarizes that because God has no affinity to us, we are incapable of knowing either what He is or if He is. According to Pascal’s Wager, the existence of God cannot be known one way or the other, because of the fact the God is unknowable. Pascal thought that it made more sense to believe in the existence of God, than to not believe. He felt that he had nothing to give up if he believed in God, only virtue and an eternal blessed life to gain. He though that disbelief in God led to eternal damnation and a life of poisonous pleasures.... Free Essays on Pascal Free Essays on Pascal Blaise Pascal believes God as an infinite, something that we do not know. He says, â€Å"We know that there is an infinite, and are ignorant of its nature. As we know it to be false that numbers are finite, it is therefore true that there is an infinity in number. But we do not know what it is. It is false that it is even, it is false that it is odd†¦so we may well know that there is a God without knowing what He is.† In this, he means that even though we cannot see God and cannot physically interact with him, it is true to say that we have faith in Him and believe in Him regardless of these obstacles. Pascal thought we know the existence of the infinite, but are ignorant of its nature, because it has extensions like us but not limits like us. He explains that we as humans do not know neither the existence nor the nature of god, because of the fact the God has neither extension nor limits. Pascal thought that if there was indeed a God, he must be infinitely incomp rehensible, since having neither parts nor limits; He has no affinity to us. With this Pascal summarizes that because God has no affinity to us, we are incapable of knowing either what He is or if He is. According to Pascal’s Wager, the existence of God cannot be known one way or the other, because of the fact the God is unknowable. Pascal thought that it made more sense to believe in the existence of God, than to not believe. He felt that he had nothing to give up if he believed in God, only virtue and an eternal blessed life to gain. He though that disbelief in God led to eternal damnation and a life of poisonous pleasures....

Rates of Change Worksheets with Solutions

Rates of Change Worksheets with Solutions Prior to working with rates of change, one should have an understanding of basic algebra, a variety of constants and non-constants ways in which a dependent variable can change with respect to changes in a second independent variable. It is also recommended that one has experience calculating slope and slope intercepts. The rate of change is a measure of how much one variable changes for a given change of a second variable, which is, how much one variable grows (or shrinks) in relation to another variable. The following questions require you to calculate the rate of change. Solutions are provided in the PDF. The speed at which a variable changes over a specific amount of time is considered the rate of change. Real life problems as those presented below require an understanding of calculating the rate of change. Graphs and formulas are used to calculate rates of change. Finding the average rate of change is similar to a slope of the secant line that passes through two points. Here are 10 practice questions below to test your understanding of rates of change. You will find PDF solutions here and at the end of the questions. Questions The distance a race car travels around a track during a race is measured by the equation: s(t)2t25t Where t is the time in seconds and s is the distance in meters. Determine the car’s average speed: During the first 5 secondsBetween 10 and 20 seconds.25 m from the start Determine the instantaneous speed of the car: At 1 secondAt 10 secondsAt 75 m The amount of medicine in a milliliter of a patient’s blood is given by the equation:M(t)t-1/3 t2Where M is the amount of medicine in mg, and t is the number of hours passed since administration.Determine the average change in medicine: In the first hour.Between 2 and 3 hours.1 hour after administration.3 hours after administration. Examples of rates of change are used daily in life and include but are not limited to: temperature and time of day, rate of growth over time, rate of decay over time, size and weight, increases and decreases of stock over time, cancer rates of growth, in sports rates of change are calculated about players and their statistics. Learning about rates of change usually begins in high school and the concept is then re-visited in calculus. There are often questions about the rate of change on SATs and other college entry assessments in mathematics. Graphing calculators and online calculators also have the ability to calculate a variety of problems involving the rate of change.

Science Education Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Science Education - Research Paper Example From this paper it is clear that  although it is difficult to link the beginning of modern scientific thought to a single idea or individual, one of the most foundational thinkers of modern science education is Galileo Galilei. Indeed, Galileo has been referred to as the Father of Modern Science. Galileo emerged during the Renaissance when European culture began to question many of the long-entrenched beliefs that were accepted throughout the Middle Ages. Indeed, the Renaissance refers to a return to earlier times, namely Greek antiquity when intellectual culture and philosophy flourished.  As the report declares  the most significant contribution to science education after Galileo’s discoveries, were those made by Isaac Newton. Newton was a truly astonishing person. While most famous scientists are recognized for developing a single idea, Newton is credited with discoveries in physics, mathematics, and astronomy. Today Newton is recognized most prominently for the disco veries he articulated in his book Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy.  This book is perhaps the single most important book in the history of science as it established the way we viewed the world and the universe until Albert Einstein would amend many of these ideas in the early 20th century. In this book Newton established the three laws of motion, which would constitute foundational modes of understanding in both astronomy and physics.... 230). With the development of the telescope Galileo could view and record aspects of the universe that had eluded scientists and astronomers for centuries. It was not long before Galileo developed a revolutionary change in the way modern science education views the universe. Specifically, Galileo came to realize that rather than the planets and Sun revolving around the Earth, it was the Earth that revolved around the Sun. Galileo’s discovery was so astounding and revolutionary that it was violently rejected by many individuals and institutions. Perhaps most notably the Catholic Church condemned Galileo for heresy (Cole 1986, p. 30). This resulted in him being forced to recant his statements and live his life under house arrest (Cole 1986, p. 30). Ultimately, however, Galileo’s ideas would last the test of time and now are implemented in science textbooks everywhere. Perhaps the most significant contribution to science education after Galileo’s discoveries, were t hose made by Isaac Newton. Newton was a truly astonishing person. While most famous scientists are recognized for developing a single idea, Newton is credited with discoveries in physics, mathematics, and astronomy. Today Newton is recognized most prominently for the discoveries he articulated in his book Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy. This book is perhaps the single most important book in the history of science as it established the way we viewed the world and the universe until Albert Einstein would amend many of these ideas in the early 20th century. In this book Newton established the three laws of motion, which would constitute foundational modes of understanding in both astronomy and physics (Gaukroger 2006, p. 270). These laws of motions would

Ethics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ethics - Assignment Example The common form of genetic manipulation involves the insertion of new genetic material to a place that’s not specified in the host genome. This is done by isolating and copying the genetic material of interest by using molecular cloning methods in order to come up with a DNA sequence that contain the necessary genetic elements for expression. The construct is then inserted into the host organism. There exist other forms of genetic engineering such as gene targeting and knocking out of specific genes through engineered nucleases (Lemaux, 2006). Cloning though not considered genetic engineering or modification is closely related and genetic engineering has been seen to be used within it. Synthetic biology on the other hand is a discipline that is emerging where there is an introduction of artificially synthesized genetic material from raw materials into an organism. There are many resultants of genetic manipulations. When genetic materials from other species of organisms are add ed to a host the outcome is called a transgenic. When genes from same species that can interbreed are added to the result is a cisgenic. When genetic material is used to remove genetic material from another organism it results in a knockout organism (Lemaux, 2006). The process of genetic manipulation The first stage in genetic engineering is isolation of the gene. ... The third stage is called gene targeting where the gene is inserted in the host genome. The most common technique for doing his is random placement. Other techniques involve placing the gene in specific locations. Gene targeting uses is known to use homologous recombination to target desired changes to a specified endogenous gene (Beardmore & Porter, 2003). The fourth stage is called transformation and this is where the DNA is moved into an organism thereby altering its genotype or genetic makeup. There are various types of transformations but the most common is the Microinjection-injecting the DNA directly into the cell nucleus using an ultrafine needle. The fifth stage is called selection where the transformed cells are differentiated from the untransformed cells. If a given cell has been transformed successfully it usually contains a marker gene. The selection is done by growing the cell in a chemical that marks the cells that express that gene. The sixth stage is called regenerat ion where the organism is grown from the single transformed cell. In plants it is done through tissue culture while in animals it is done in embryonic cells. The last stage is confirmation and this is where the organism is analyzed to ensure that the genes will be expressed in an appropriate manner in the tissues of the organism. All the above seven steps are followed for successful genetic manipulation (Beardmore & Porter, 2003). Genetic safety There are many safety concerns that are brought about by genetically modified organisms. This has made studies be undertaken in this area to ascertain the extent to which the genetically modified organisms are safe in our environment or are safe for our consumption

Sustainability - Redland company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sustainability - Redland company - Essay Example nd comparative indices so as to compare the actual performance with desired objectives so as to ensure greater emphasis on sustainability concerns (Defra, n.d.). The internal and external drivers for generating a sustainable business model includes pressure from the investors and internal resources that act as internal factors that drive sustainability in business organizations. External drivers include consumer’s attitude, international benchmarks and standards as well as government regulations that make it mandatory for business organizations to include sustainability as a core business issue. Sustainability is also now becoming a matter for sustainable competitive advantage as firms are increasingly using this as a means to gain advantage over competitors. The heightened consumer awareness also acts as a pressure for business organizations to focus on generating greater sustainability in their business model (Business for Social Responsibility, 2007, p.4). Redland has a sustainability policy that seeks to address concerns beyond protecting the environment to include broader aspects like social and economic sustainability in its sustainability strategy. The sustainability strategy of the company seeks to not only comply with the legislative norms but to grow beyond these aspects to emerge as a sustainable organization. It seeks to use innovation as a mode to generate greater sustainability in its business (Redland, n.d.). The vision and mission statement of Monier Group that is the holding company of Redlands however does not include sustainability aspects but also shows its commitment towards betterment of lifestyles of individuals (Monier Group, n.d.). Challenges and barriers for maintaining sustainability include access to finance for supporting these activities as well as taking all the stakeholders including suppliers into confidence in the matter. Brining the suppliers on a common platform involves challenge in case of Redland as most of them are small

Alice Walkers Short Story Everyday Use English Literature Essay

Alice Walkers Short Story Everyday Use English Literature Essay In Alice Walkers short story Everyday Use, there are many different things that Walker conveys throughout the story all of which deal with the African Americans history and values. The one thing that sticks out the most in the short story is the character of Dee who is developed into a very important character throughout the story. Walker is able to express her essential idea of heritage through Dees attitude, her behavior, and her actions in Everyday Use. Dee is a very unthankful and unappreciative of her history, and in result the reader can develop an understanding of African Americans heritage. Through Dees characteristics shown by her attitude, personality, and actions, Walker in Everyday Use conveys the central idea of heritage in the short story. Dee is an individual that doesnt particularly stick to her true heritage and shows a feeling of embarrassment toward her ancestry, her mom, and her sister. Dee comes across as one that holds herself above her mother and sister especially since she received an education. Nancy Tuten understands Dee as one that wants so badly to go to school to become educated so that she is not seen as stupid, showing that she is not exactly proud of her past. She doesnt appreciate her mother and sister living in the same way they have for years, suggesting an idea of embarrassment toward her past (Tuten). Tuten points out that Dee always attempts to devalue their lifestyle, and seems to have a desire that Mama and Maggie be something that they are not (126). Tuten notes that Mama hates the selfishness that Dee brings to the table, but still wishes to get respect from her daughter. Tuten brings in a source from Lindsey Tucker who suggests that Dee basically carries a white middle-class identity (126). Another valuable piece of information brought in for Tutens article is Valerie Smiths thoughts interpreted by Marianne Hirsch explaining Maggies feelings of embarrassment in front of Dee. Smith points out the part of the story when Mama is interpreting how Maggie will react to Dee and her arrival. Mama supposes that Maggie will be nervous until after her sister goes: she will stand hopelessly in corners homely and ashamed of the burn scars down her arms and legs, eying her sister with a mixture of envy and awe (Walker 108). Hirsch views Maggie as one that seems powerless and pathetic (Tuten 127). All of these aspects that Dee has brought to the table make her appear to the reader that she is under-appreciative of what her heritage has really done for her which leads to the interpretation that she is embarrassed. Dee also goes far enough into her fairytale life and changes her name, attempting to disregard her familys identity, clearly showing her shame for it. Tutens article also points out Hirschs view regarding this change of name in Everyday Use. She understands Mama as one that hasnt shown any frustration toward Dee until this section when Dee cant even keep her name and a portion of her past. Hirsch notes that Walker changes the verb tense in that conversation over her identity change, creating a voice for Mama that has much more power (Tuten). This power is eventually used, says Tuten, to help Mama, affirm her allegiance to Maggie and to assert her emotional freedom from Dee (128). David Cowart also discusses the disloyalty of Dee by changing her name which was passed from generation to generation in their family all the way back and past the Civil War. Cowart views this disloyal action along with her clothes, her hair, her sunglasses, her patronizing speech, and her Black Muslim compa nion as Dee trying to declare a deplorable degree of alienation from her rural origins and family (172). Dee doesnt grasp the idea that her name connects her to her heritage, and by changing that she is seen as trying to disregard where she comes from. Cowart knows Dee as one that has basically detached herself from a nurturing tradition (172). Dee chooses to disengage herself from her ancient name which was passed down in her family for something classier such as Wangero. Her name was also her great-grandmothers name, and by changing it, Dee appears to not have much care for her family. She believes it is much classier, but Helga Hoel notes that the name is distorted from the original reference to a Kikuyu name. Hoel brings in a source from Barbara Christian clarifying that names are extremely important in African and African American culture as a means of indicating a persons spirit (Hoel 37). In conclusion to this remark, Dee can be seen as one that is trying to get rid of her name and heritage which links her to the rest of her family that is a supposed to be a very important part in her life. Hoel declares that Dees identity change of her first and middle name do not even represent one ethnic group, instead it relates to the entire East African area. Hoel notices this mistake and views it as something that shows Dees s uperficial knowledge of Africa and all it stands for (37). This point made contributes to the thought that Dee doesnt appreciate her heritage because she is trying to alter it and doesnt even understand what is truly behind her new one either. Dee wants to take several items in the house to represent her familys ancestry put on display at her house rather than putting them into everyday use. She disconnects herself from her family name, but still believes that she should be able to take many family items to be put on display. Cowart understands Dees desire for the quilts, the churn lid, and the photographs for purposes of display, reminders that she no longer has to live in such a house, care for such a cow, and have daily intercourse with such a mother and sister (175). Donna Haisty Winchell in Cowarts article implies that Dee makes the mistake of believing that ones heritage is something that one puts on display if and when such a display is fashionable (Cowart 175). Dee does not see the wrong to take these items from Mama and Maggie, failing to appreciate their heritage. Instead, Cowart proposes that she, who wants only to preserve that heritage as the negative index to her own sophistication (175). When Dee comes home to visit Mama and Maggie, she takes her share of photos. She takes several shots, those of the cows, Maggie, and of course the house. Whitsitt notes that she photographs everything and frames the image of Maggies and Mamas lifestyle, making it resemble a life she is not a component of. The source from the Bakers in this article says that they know this as Dees fashionably aesthetic distance from southern expediencies, and her framed experience of her heritage (Whitsitt 449). In addition to Dees desire for family items, she also brings along a characteristic of overlooking these possessions and devaluing items such as the quilts which should mean something to her and her heritage. Elaine Showalter notes in Cowarts article that the quilts, fought over by Wangero (Dee) and her mother indicate an ancestry that is much more personal and immediate than the intellectual and deracinated daughter can see (Cowart 179). Quilts are seen as the creative legacy that African Americans have inherited from their maternal ancestors says Barbara Christian in Sam Whitsitts literary critique (Whitsitt 443). The quilts connect women and men and families to their later generations to their past by resembling the tradition and pieces of their past which will be passed to those in the current days (Whitsitt). Cowart says that the quilts illustrate the ancestry that Dee has already abandoned which she now doesnt even share her name with the people in her family whose lives were p ieced together from their old scraps of clothes into quilts (Cowart). Barbara Christian in Cowarts article remarks that the heritage in the eyes of Maggie and Mama is depended on by living a tradition. The quilting and butter churning along with their developed nags for it are passed down from each generation in their family. She believes that Mama and Maggie should continue to be put these items into everyday use as they continue to keep up the trend in doing everything and living the tradition. Maggie is the one that can quilt, and if Dee is the one that gets the quilt, then the tradition along with the learned skills will stop and discontinue throughout the family tree (Cowart). Whitsitt also notices a verb tense after Dee announces her identity change which he believes gives Mamas voice more power along with creating an invisible frame that sets apart Dee from Mama and Maggie and their lifestyle. When Mama changes tenses to gain more authority after Dee tells her of her identity change, Whitsitt believes that Mama is then starting to be framed with Mama outside with a different view on lifestyle and the familys heritage (Whitsitt). In the story the reader views Mamas excitement of Dee coming home as her ready to enjoy time being spent with her daughter. She understands that she has left to become educated and changed her lifestyle which partly results in their different views on everything. Whitsitt brings in a quote from Hirsch, who notices the discrepancy of the two but says that Mama does a great job of making her decisions by herself and not changing her values of her heritage like her daughter did. He says that she has an ability to maintain a distance from Dee without visibly rejecting her (Whitsitt 451). When Dee introduces her identity change, Whitsitt notices this verb shift as Tuten did and recognizes it as Mamas epiphany when something hit me in the top of my head and ran down the soles of my feet, leading Mama to take charge and do something that I never had done before: hugged Maggie to meà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Walker 113). He understands the unframed to framed, present tense to past tense forms to represent the idea of alteration and Walkers attention paid toward it. Whitsitt concludes that the central characters in the story have changed throughout Everyday Use. He points out that Dee, whose insensitive intrusion, who in spite of herself brings Mama to claim a voice (Whitsitt 454). Dees change helps Mama develop and change in the story by eventually gaining voice and sticking up for herself along with Maggie and the quilts (Whitsitt). Dees actions of trying to take the quilts which were promised to Maggie, characterizes her as a thief. One who notices the cruel action is Whitsitt, who considers the attempted action as stealing from her innocent sister, Maggie. He notices that Dee wants to take the quilts along with other items of the house, but without any connection such as an obligation to them which Whitsitt views as denigrating the quilts, and then claiming they are priceless (456). Dee gets very angry and frustrated after Mama says that she promised the quilts to Maggie, and she blames Maggie noting that she is too backward to know the difference between things of value and of no value (Walker 112). Whitsitt believes this comment and finger-pointing is also done in an indirect way pointed not only at Maggie but also toward Mama and their standard of living (Whitsitt). Regardless of all of Dees disloyal actions, attitudes, and undermining, she still wants to use the quilts to put up on her wall to represent her ancestry. She is unappreciative of the material things such as the quilts, but she still believes that she deserves them even though she is embarrassed of her past. She mistakes her own heritage and changes her name to something that isnt even correct from her country. She takes her heritage for granted by changing into some would call a phony (Cowart172). Dee values her heritage for all the wrong reasons such as when she is said to use it as aesthetics to put on display in her house but really only to show that she is no longer a part of it anymore. She always puts down Maggie and Mama, hinting that they need to change and quit living in the past, but really Maggie and Mama feel that they should be living in tradition rather than changing their everyday life. Dee recognizes herself as confirming her African heritage especially by changing h er name to Wangero, by changing her way of life, and by changing her appearance, but she only seems to belittle her cultural background.

Open Campus Policy :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Students, you, as well as I, have always felt the strain of limitations brought upon you this and past school years. These past years, the school board has been closing students’ ability to do almost what they please to an oppressive detention in which you cannot even walk the hallways to get a sip of water. How many times have you or heard that someone has been given a detention for just walking around the halls? How many times have you been hassled for trying to go to your car and sent back into the school by a so called â€Å"rent-a-cop† and a new enforcer cop? All of these and more are related to the idea of a closed campus. I, on the other hand, am on the behalf of an open campus. An open campus gives the student more freedom and responsibility to make the right decisions. As opposition, the closed campus concept would argue that not all or any of the students should receive such trustworthiness from the school. I think that not all but a selec t group of students should have the open campus opportunity. Another matter with open campus is money issues in many areas in which I will discuss.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As time goes on, each class of students gains and loses freedoms. An open campus freedom would not only just let students go where they please; it would also give the students a responsibility to manage their time. Many administrators on the board of education do not think that a high school student should have such a responsibility. They would tell us that we are too immature to be able to manage time during the school day. I think that students are mature enough to have such a freedom placed within their grasps. I can anticipate that the opposition will be outraged by all students receiving this freedom and responsibility. If such a concept as open campus could be arranged, there surely would be rules and regulations placed in effect to ensure that the school will not have liability of the student once off school ground.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The group of students that can leave the school can be very easily simplified from the current thought of all students being able to leave. First of all, a freshman certainly cannot leave the school grounds. A sophomore, even though more mature than the freshman, should as well not be able to leave the grounds.

Good Communicator Hca

Are you a good communicator? HCA 230 Are you a good communicator? Effective communication is vital in the healthcare workplace. The welfare of others is the fundamental focus and effective communication between colleagues can make the difference  in the quality and consistency of care that is delivered to patients. Many people to consider themselves to be good communicators; Identifying what the effective communication process is helps to make that determination. According to Cheesebro, O'Conner, ; Rios,  2010, effective communication is â€Å"the process of sending and receiving messages. This means that a good communicator would be effective in both listening and responding appropriately. So, in order to establish a successful exchange of information is helpful to distinguish between the various types of communication. Focusing on verbal and non verbal communication we will examine communication and how it relates to the medical field. In the health care industry interpersonal relationships with patients and coworkers are essential in the quality of service that is provided.Communication is vital to the development as well as the maintenance of all interpersonal relationships. In health care, the constant interaction with the patients, their families and co-workers of different race, ethnic background, gender, and religious beliefs require diversity from its employees. Using communication to build interpersonal relationships builds a trust and understanding between co-workers and patients. Thus patients feel more at ease discussing their ailments and receiving professional feedback.Effective communication results in more positive outcomes,  such as increased productivity and proficiency,  better relationships, as well as improved workplace morale. On the other hand, poor and ineffective communication  causes conflict, takes up time and additional resources. Eventually, it will negatively  affect organization overall. Supportive communication is a ble to express further understanding and encourage communication with those around you. Defensive communication on he other hand, can cause the other person to be on edge, feeling threatened, and anxious. When the communication between two parties turn into a defensive situation they are less likely to see the value in the message. The use of empathy is a vital tool when attempting to establish rapport  with a patient or co-worker and building trust. The key to demonstrating empathy is to use active listening. In this method, the receiver checks message with the sender to make sure they understand what is begin said as a way to clarify the information given.In the medical filed assertiveness is expressed through communication by being expressive of thoughts,  feelings, and needs  without being aggressive and having presence on another person. The purpose is to improve the communication process  instead of allowing aggression to create conflict and a hostile environment. In t he medical field some of this can be avoided by refraining from using aggressive or sarcastic tones and body language which could give the receiver the wrong impression of the sender and the message being sent. The use of â€Å"I† statements and good body language can assist in the process.Films Media Group. (2007). Communicating with aged care colleagues [H. 264] By including yourself and explaining way that can be helpful, the environment for open dialog is developed. Upon a self assessment of my own interpersonal relationships and skills, I discovered I am in need of some improvement. One element that particularly stood out to me was the inconsistence of verbal and nonverbal communication. When speaking to new people or on a topic in which I may not be as well informed on I have the tendency to fidget and use little eye contact.Although I may be paying full attention or taking notes my nonverbal communication can be misinterpreted into lack of interest, boredom, or in some cultures just plain disrespect. As a result of knowing this I can make sure that I am prepared by doing some extra research on the topic if possible to increase my comfort lever when speaking on it. I can also make sure that my personal appearance,  posture, gestures, and mannerisms,  facial expression, eye contact and personal space is appropriate and consistent for the delivery of the message I am trying to send.Just as many others I considered self to be a good communicator and saw where I could make the improvements o that I can be more effective in my professional and personal life. References 1. Cheesebro, T. , O'Conner, L. , & Rios, F. (2010). Communicating in the Workplace  . : Prentice Hall. 2. Films Media Group. (2007). Communicating with aged care colleagues [H. 264] * Taken From: http://digital. films. com/PortalPlaylists. aspx? aid=7967&xtid=40257

Scm and Erp Software Implementation at Nike †from Failure to Success

Introduction: Nike was founded under the name Blue Ribbon Sports in 1964. In 1972 the first pair of sports shoes was sold and experienced enormous growth and achieved a 50% market share within the sports shoe market in the US only eight years later. After sluggish focus and growth in the 1980ies, Nike experienced strong growth in the 1990ies and cemented the position as global recognizable brand. The increased international focus created strains on the supply chain, which was consider inadequate to cater efficiently to the organization and the rapid changes consumer demands .As a consequence of the afore mentioned supply chain problem Nike faced inefficient inventory management, problems in flow of goods and poor demand forecasting capabilities. In addition Nike was facing though competition in Asia, which as a region performed worse than expected. Given this it is clear that both external, internal and situational factors were the catalysts behind the Organizational Buying Behavior (OBB) of Nike catalyzing the mammoth project of implementing global supply chain management (SCM) software and an integrated ERP system.Question 1: What are the failure factors for the first NIKE-i2 ERP-SCM implementation? Using conventional project management measurements it is clear the implementation of i2 was a colossal failure . I analyze the failure using a combination for factors from the OBB and analysis based on the five phase implementation framework. Nike states a clear vision of what they want to achieve with the i2 implementation: â€Å"Achieving greater flexibility in planning execution and delivery processes†¦.. ooking for better forecasting and more profitable order fulfillment† . However, I believe Nike overall underestimated the SCM project as I see some indications that the main focus and resources were on the general ERP framework and implementation of the Single Instance Strategy (SIS). As a consequence the project management turned out to be weak. T he lack of prioritization of the SCM project is also visible in the lack of external consultancy services obtained.Both project management and appropriate usage of external consultants are evaluated as key critical success factors for successful implementation of large scale IT projects. (Appendix 3) So I see the project being initiated on the wrong foot, but would consider phase 2, 3 and 4 as the phases where the project fell apart. I strongly believe external consultants with expertise knowledge would have challenged a number of the technical issue and decisions made by the project management. The implementation of i2 on the legacy system is such example.SIS required a large degree of integration and data migrations, so deploying the SCM software on the legacy system instead of as part of the SAP ERP is a strategic mistake. This specific decision later proves unwise when Nike begins to experience large problems in data integration as formats and outline of i2 didn’t match t he other systems. Also in the data specification and parameterization external experts would have stepped in and limited the vast number of customization enquiries from Nike.I believe this specific problem has its roots in the inadequate blueprinting of Nike. The missing blueprinting –the realignment of the long term business strategy with capabilities of the software – is not uncommon as it is estimated that 51 percent of failing IT projects, fail due to lack of understanding between IT and business departments† I believe there is evidence of that happening in this case as well. The fundamental idea behind the SCM software in terms of demand planning did not fit well with the business strategy of Nike.Nike used a bottom-up demand process where the retailers committed to an order in advance before manufacturing. With i2 Nike changed this core process as the demand now was forecasted using a top-down approach. The combination of the changed process and lack of pro per data integration lead to duplicated orders and overproduction. As the original i2 software did not support the many SKUs of Nike, heavy customization was required, which in turn diluted the quality of the software as the specifications were unclear.McAfee of Harvard Business School has said: â€Å"What Nike and i2 Technologies Inc. began experiencing the problem actually is not the software itself†¦ The culprit there was misspecification† Further on the subject of customization, Nike had great difficulties balancing customization with speed-to-market. I believe the external factors of significant competition, changing market place and resulting disappointing financial performance in growth markets lead Nike to rush the implementation and interfered with normal OBB.The rushing meant that a guideline, templates and implementation methodology was discarded by Nike with the argument that the i2 provided material was too rigid. In general I would argue that Nike required technology that was not sufficiently available at the time. This pushed i2 to enter unknown software-territory and program-to-order disabling sufficient time for vendor/developer testing. The criticality of this was further boosted due to lack of testing from Nike, which clearly illustrates faults in phase 4 of the implementation as well. (Appendix 3)Lastly, I find evidence that a global ERP and SCM software potentially would be difficult to manage successfully at the time due to the structural issue of underdeveloped bandwidth infrastructure , which could indicate Nike required a technical solution which was not complete available in 1999. As the SCM software required a big-bang implementation , the mistakes mentioned above considerably increased the risk of failure. So due to urgency Nike selected to implement a highly customized solution discarding advice from the vendor, avoiding third party/external consultations, neglecting testing and proper training of end-users.As Steel say s â€Å"Could we have taken more time with the roll-out? Properly. Could we have done a better job with software quality? Sure. Could the planners have been better prepared to use the system be it went live? You can never train enough! † Question 2: How do you evaluate the role of i2 in this process? In believe both companies are to be blamed for the failed implementation. Looking isolated at i2’s role, I believe both tactical and strategic mistakes were made. As a vendor i2 had a responsibility to work together with Nike to create a common understanding of the capability of the software and the business management impact.If the client was not adequately knowledgeable about the product delivered i2 should have made a point of this in the RFP, by stating that a certain level of technical knowhow and expertise was expected and required from the client as well, to secure a smooth implementation. Such point – or clause – would have created the necessary aware ness at Nike and would have secured the necessary focus from Nike before engaging in the implementation. We learn from the case that Nike when they started working together with i2 already had tried several other solutions without being successful, which further underlines my point.Philip Kotler describes a common pitfall in B2B transactions as the B2B market is dominated by fewer buyers than on the consumer market, which can provide an undesired purchasing power to large corporations. In addition Nike was on the forefront of the technology required, which eventually meant i2 was pressured to provide significant more customization to the software. The fact that the customization widely exceeded the 10-15% maximum customization recommendation from i2 illustrates the negotiation and purchasing power Nike had over i2.I sincerely believe it was a tactical mistake from i2 to allow to the large degree of customization. i2 added further to the tactical mistakes by not highlighting potentia l issues with running the i2 on the legacy system hindering data integration effectually diminishing the usability – and in turn satisfaction – of the software. During the implementation phase i2 made another tactical mistake by not being close enough to Nike and co-manage the process or the rollout. To rollout without proper/any testing and training was a huge mistake committed by Nike, but i2 should have intervened.I believe project management on both sides was weak, which allowed for these mistakes caused by poor communication and lack of managing expectations. Unfortunately for i2 the number of tactical mistake converted in a strategic issue damaging the reputation of i2, when Nike publically assigned the blame of the failure to them. i2 had in the cooperation with Nike a unique opportunity to position itself as a world leading SCM software vendor as the project was groundbreaking in terms of size and complexity.However, instead of gaining this competitive advantag e the failed implementation, the public statements by Nike and the following class-action lawsuits from the Nike shareholders labeled i2 as incompetent. i2 severely miscalculated the tactical benefits of pleasing the client versus the strategic gains of completing the project successfully. I believe i2 was too focused on the short-term completion, which made them cut corners and discard own recommendations in order not to have a conflict with the client.Overall, I find it unfair to blame i2 entirely. After all, the vendor selection is always the responsibility of the buyer and proper evaluation and testing of the product for its functionality would have averted this kind of failure. â€Å"Implementing a supply-chain management solution is like crossing the street; High risk if you don't look both ways, but low risk if you do. † Question 3: Nike was one of the first companies to start using the SAP module Apparel and Footwear Solution (AFS). From NIKE viewpoint, do you think t hat is a good strategy?In my opinion Nike took a chance when start using AFS. Being one of the first users of the AFS software, could potentially have been a risky endeavor as software in the initial stages can be prone to bugs and other dis-functionalities. However, Nike implemented the AFS to perfection, which meant that the risk was very well handled. Especially the meticulous testing, seeking external consultancy service and skeleton roll-out stands out as key steps for the success of this specific project.To analyze if it was a good strategy we need to analyze Nike’s financial performance against the main competition . The aim is to analyze if Nike after the implementation of AFS was performing more efficiently – measured on key financial parameters – hence creating a competitive advantage. I find clear evidence that is the case. I believe Nike created a competitive advantage by being a first-mover in the usage of AFS. Nike had the key objective to manage a nd turn the inventory faster and more efficiently. In my research I find that in addition to turning the inventory 4. times versus 3. 5 of the competition, Nike has significant less cash tied up in inventory – $2. 7bln versus $3. 4bln – which is remarkable as Nike produces a larger revenue than Adidas. A final point showing great operational efficient at Nike, is the ability to create a cash flow from these activities, where Nike in 2011 generated $1. 8bln in cash versus the competitors $1. 6bln. The competitor’s gross profit margin only exceeds Nike’s in 2011 after Nike has clearly outperformed on this factor as well throughout the time period being analyzed.It could be an indication that the competitors are closing in on Nike’s competitive advantage in the areas of software implementation. I believe it was a good strategic decision to be an AFS first-mover. Nike handled the implementation very well and thereby managed to balance the risk and rewa rd to the benefit of Nike against the competition. We see that Nike has outperformed Adidas in terms of gross profit margin continuously with exception of the last year in the analysis. I argue that the outperformance is based on primarily the relative efficiency of the supply chain.The main indication of Nike’s superior supply chain is the inventory and inventory turn rate. We see below that Adidas has significantly higher holding of inventory relative to Nike and that Nike turns its inventory faster. In more efficient supply chain and hence business operation is reflected in the ability to generate cash from the operating activities. Nike evidently creates a larger cash flow than Adidas. The financial markets also recognize Nike’s competitive advantage as the stock shows a significant better performance than Adidas. (+171% vs. +86%, 2007-)

How to Get Into MIT 5 Expert Admissions Tips

How to Get Into MIT 5 Expert Admissions Tips SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is one of the best schools in the world. If you want to be one of the few students accepted into MIT every year, you’ll need to make sure your application is up to snuff. In this article, we’ll break down exactly how to get into MIT, from the test scores you need to the tips and tricks that’ll help your application stand out. How Hard Is It to Get Into MIT? MIT is one of the most selective schools in the world. Currently, MIT’s acceptance rate is 6.7%, which means it only accepts around 7 applicants for every 100 people that apply. A 6.7% acceptance rate means that MIT is extremely competitive to get into. You’ll need excellent grades, test scores, essays, and letters of recommendation to even be considered. What Is MIT Looking for in Its Students? You can learn a lot about what MIT is looking for in its students from the university’s website: "The MIT community is driven by a shared purpose: to make a better world through education, research, and innovation. We are fun and quirky, elite but not elitist, inventive and artistic, obsessed with numbers, and welcoming to talented people regardless of where they come from." This statement, while not MIT’s formal mission statement (which is worth reading, too), tells a lot about what MIT is looking for in its applicants. MIT want students who break molds- they’re incredibly intelligent, but they also think outside of the box. Don’t follow everyone else’s path- create your own. MIT students are genuinely excited to learn and innovate. They’re not interested in accolades (though they certainly earn them)- they’re motivated by discovery and intellectual stimulation more than recognition. MIT students don’t fit into any particular profile, except that they’re all highly, highly talented. Can You Apply to MIT Early? MIT allows students to apply early action. That means that you can apply to MIT and receive notification of your acceptance months before other students, but you don’t have to commit to MIT if you’re accepted. MIT’s early application deadline is November 1 and students are notified on December 20. According to the MIT admissions statistics for the Class of 2022, applicants who applied early didn’t have any significant advantage over students who applied at the regular deadline. For both admissions deadlines, students were accepted at a rate of a little less than 7%. That being said, there are other ways to get a leg up on your fellow applicants. MIT admitted around % of applicants who participated in an interview (or had their interview waived) vs 1% of applicants who did not participate in an interview. MIT Application Deadlines and Requirements MIT has its own application. It doesn’t accept the Common Application, Coalition Application or Universal Application. Here are the complete MIT application requirements: MIT requires that all students submit SAT, ACT, or TOEFL scores Freshman applicants must also submit two SAT II Subject Tests: math and science. MIT requires all students submit five short essays as part of their application. MIT requires that all students submit two letters of recommendation. There are no specific coursework requirements for MIT applicants. The MIT Early Action deadline is November 1. Applicants are notified of their status on December 20. The MIT regular admission deadline is January 1. Applicants are notified of their status on March 20. What GPA Do I Need to Get Into MIT? MIT has a 6.7% acceptance rate, so it’s important that your application is as strong as possible to be considered. One of the most important parts of your MIT application is your high school coursework. MIT doesn’t specify a minimum GPA requirement and doesn’t release the average GPA of admitted applicants. That being said, due to the caliber of students accepted at MIT, we can assume that the average GPA is quite high. You should look to get mainly A’s, with a few A-’s or B+’s on your transcript. MIT will also be paying attention to your course load- are you challenging yourself, or are you coasting on easy classes? You should take the most rigorous classes your school offers- whether that’s honors, AP, or IB courses- or even look into taking courses at the local community college to show that you’re not afraid of an academic challenge†¦ and that you can succeed at one, too! What Test Scores Do I Need to Get Into MIT? You don’t just need great grades to get into MIT- you need great test scores, too. What SAT Test Scores Do I Need to Get Into MIT? The average admitted applicant at MIT has a 1520 composite score on the 1600 SAT scale. The average math score is 780. The average reading/writing score is 740. You’ll need to have extremely high SAT scores to be able to get into MIT. Fortunately, MIT uses â€Å"Highest Section† scoring (also known as â€Å"superscoring†). Basically, superscoring means that MIT will consider your highest section scores across all the SAT test dates you submit. MIT’s superscoring policy is good news for applicants- it means that you can prep and retake the score without worrying about hurting your previous scores. What ACT Test Scores Do I Need to Get Into MIT? The average admitted applicant at MIT scores a 34 on the ACT. With so many applicants scoring 34 and above, a lower score won’t be very impressive. Fortunately, MIT also superscores ACT scores for applicants. That means that, if you take the ACT multiple times, MIT will consider the highest score achieved in each section. MIT Application Essays MIT requires that you answer five short essay questions. You’ll need to answer 5 short prompts (none more than 250 words) on various aspects of your life: what you do for fun, what department you’re interested in at MIT, a way that you contribute to your community, a description of your background, and a challenge that you have faced in your life. The MIT essay prompts are designed specifically to get to the heart of what makes you you. Remember, MIT wants applicants that are interesting as people. MIT places a high value on having students with quirks and unique passions, not just high test scores. You’ll submit your five MIT application essays along with an activities list and a self-reported coursework form as Part 2 of your MIT application, regardless of whether you’re applying for the early action deadline or the regular admission deadline. Here are the 2018-19 MIT essay prompts: We know you lead a busy life, full of activities, many of which are required of you. Tell us about something you do simply for the pleasure of it. (100 words or fewer) Although you may not yet know what you want to major in, which department or program at MIT appeals to you and why? (100 words or fewer) At MIT, we bring people together to better the lives of others. MIT students work to improve their communities in different ways, from tackling the world’s biggest challenges to being a good friend. Describe one way in which you have contributed to your community, whether in your family, the classroom, your neighborhood, etc. (200-250 words) Describe the world you come from; for example, your family, clubs, school, community, city, or town. How has that world shaped your dreams and aspirations? (200-250 words) Tell us about the most significant challenge you’ve faced or something important that didn’t go according to plan. How did you manage the situation? (200-250 words) You can learn more about how to ace your MIT essays in our in-depth article on the topic. 5 Tips for Getting Into MIT It’s very difficult to get into MIT, but it’s not impossible. Follow these tips for how to get into MIT by making sure your application stands out from the crowd. #1: Highlight the Unique Aspects of Your Identity We’ve said it already and we’ll say it again: MIT likes unique applicants. They say so on their website! Your essays are an opportunity to highlight the special facets of your personality. If you built a video game about pickles for fun, this is the time to share it! The more unique you are, the better! Your application will stand out even more if you take those interests and apply them to academic pursuits. Show that your academic curiosity intersects with your passions. #2: Put a Lot of Effort Into Your Academics MIT students are high-achievers. To be accepted, you need to be one, too. You should have a strong plan for studying for the SAT or ACT so that you achieve the best score possible. If you’re still in your freshman, sophomore, or junior year of high school, plan to take some advanced classes to up your GPA. You’ll need to be disciplined and work hard to compete with the other applicants. MIT wants students who will succeed on their campus- you need to demonstrate that you’re up to MIT’s academic challenge. #3: Ace Your Essays Your essays are the best opportunity to show off your skills and your unique interests. You should put a lot of effort into every one of the five MIT essays. Don’t wait until the last minute to write your MIT essays- start them with plenty of time so that you can revise and receive feedback. #4: Convince MIT That You’ll Do Something Great With Your Education MIT doesn’t want to admit students who will be content to take their expensive diploma and sit at home doing nothing with it. MIT wants to accept students who are going to accomplish world-changing things, who contribute positively to their communities while in college and help other students accomplish great things as well. The best way to convince MIT that you’ll do this while there? Contribute positively to your community while you’re in high school. Past behavior is a predictor of future behavior. If you show that positive contributions are a part of your modus operandi as a student, MIT will feel confident that you’ll bring that attitude to its campus, too. #5: Hyper-Focus You don’t need to be captain of the football team, the co-chair of the debate team, and the first chair violinist in the school orchestra to get into MIT. Don’t try to be great at every- pick one (or two) activities and pursue it relentlessly. This is called having a spike and helps you stand out more. Don’t aim to be generically good at a lot of things- be hugely, amazingly good at one thing. Instead of trying to lead twenty different committees, pick the one that’s the most special to you and give it everything you have. Put down the football and the debate notecards and focus on violin if that’s what you love. Audition for world-class ensembles, enter competitions, basically just stand out. Don't strive for above average at a lot of things- be excellent at one. Recap: How to Get Into MIT It’s difficult to get into MIT- but not impossible! With hard work and planning, you can hone your application so it stands out from the other thousands of MIT applicants. What’s Next? Starting your MIT application? Check out our in-depth guide on how to apply to MIT. Your MIT essays will help your application stand out. Read our in-depth guide on these five short answer questions to know exactly what to do. (Link coming soon!) Wondering what your chances of getting into an Ivy Leave or Ivy League caliber school is? Check out our complete guide to Ivy League acceptance rates. Want to get into Harvard or your personal top choice college? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in.